Saccharomyces cerevisiae
| Haploid | Diploid |
| Size | 4 µm | 5 x 6 µm |
| shape | spheroid | ellipsoid |
| volume | 70 µm3 | 120
µm3 |
| DNA Content | 0.017 pg | 0.034 pg |
| RNA Content | 1.2 pg | 1.9 pg |
| protein | 6 pg | 8 pg |
Besides different media requirements and an optimal growth temperature
at 30°C, S. cerevisiae is manipulated essentially as bacteria. Wild-type
strains of S. cerevisiae have a doubling time of ~90 minutes in rich
media (YPD) and ~140 minutes in minimal media. S. cerevisiae is an ideal
eukaryotic micro-organism for biological studies possessing well defined
genetic, homologous recombination, and efficient transformation systems.
Mating types a or a can generate diploid a/alpha cells. BIO 101 offers media
for all S. cerevisiae manipulations.
| OD600 | cells/ml |
| early log-phase | <0.4 | <107 |
| mid log-phase | 0.4-1.7 | 1-5 x 107 |
| late log-phase | 1.7-6.6 | 5 x 107 - 2 x
108 |
| stationary phase | >6.6 | 2 x 108 |
At OD600 <1, 0.1 OD600 = ~ 3 x
106 cells/ml
Store for few months at 4°C on plates or slants, or indefinitely in 15%
glycerol at -70°C. |
Wild type S. cerevisiae can survive on a variety of carbon sources.
Glucose is most common; galactose, maltose, fructose and raffinose can
also be utilized. These fermentable carbon sources are added to growth
media at a concentration of 2%. Glucose-free galactose is particularly
useful to induce transcription of reporter genes fused to GAL1/GAL10
promoters. S. cerevisiae can also grow on non-fermentable carbon sources
such as glycerol, ethanol and acetate (3% glycerol, 3% ethanol, 2%
glycerol/2% ethanol, 3% K acetate). BIO 101 offers pre-mixed yeast media
containing various carbon sources for different applications.
S. cerevisiae has a genome size of 14 Mb containing ~6000 genes arranged
on 16 chromosomes. The genome is completely sequenced (ref. 3) and is
accessible, with associated links, at
genome.www.stanford.edu/Saccharomyces
References:
- Guide to yeast genetics and molecular biology.(1991) Ed.
Christine Guthrie & Gerald Fink. Methods in Enzymology vol 194.
- Current protocols in Molecular Biology. Eds. Ausubel, f.M.,
Brent, R., Kingston, R, E., Moore, D.D., Seidman, J.G.,
Smith J. A., and Struhl, K. 13.01.- 13.2.10.
- The Yeast Genome Directory (1997, May 29) Nature Supp. to volume
387.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yeast Media
| YPD (YEPD) Broth |
|---|
50g (50 Capsules, 10 Large Capsules)
per Liter
Contents/L: 20 g Peptone-Y, 10 g Yeast Extract-Y, 20 g dextrose, pH 6.5
at 30°C. |
| Solution |
| 500 ml | 4001-024 |
| LARGE Capsules |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4001-016 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4001-026 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4001-036 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4001-046 |
| 15 kg (33.0 lb) | 4001-056 |
| Capsules |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4001-011 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4001-021 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4001-031 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4001-041 |
| 15 kg (33.0 lb) | 4001-051 |
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4001-012 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4001-022 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4001-032 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4001-042 |
| 15 kg (33.0 lb) | 4001-052 |
| Pouch, 0.5 liter (25 g): |
| 1 ea | 4001-015 |
| pack (10 x 1 ea) | 4001-075 |
| case (10 x packs) | 4001-095 |
| YPD (YEPD) Agar |
|---|
67g (67 Capsules) per Liter
Contents/L: YPD, 17 g Agar-Y.
|
| Capsules |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4001-211 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4001-221 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4001-231 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4001-241 |
| 15 kg (33.0 lb) | 4001-251 |
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4001-212 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4001-222 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4001-232 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4001-242 |
| 15 kg (33.0 lb) | 4001-252 |
| Pouch, 0.5 liter (33.5 g): |
| 1 ea | 4001-215 |
| pack (10 x 1
ea) | 4001-265 |
| case (10 x packs) | 4001-085 |
| Pouch, 1 liter (67 g): |
| 1 ea | 4001-225 |
| pack (10 x 1
ea) | 4001-275 |
| case (10 x packs) | 4001-095 |
| YPL Broth w/Lactose |
|---|
67g (10 Large Capsules, 50 Small Capsules) per Liter
Contents/L: YPD with D-Lactose instead of dextrose.
|
| Large Capsules |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4001-326 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4001-336 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4001-346 |
| 15 kg (33.0 lb) | 4001-356 |
| Capsules |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4001-331 |
| LP-YPD Broth |
|---|
|
Low Phosphate YPD medium for labeling cells to high efficiency with
[32P]. Low phosphate media is prepared according to the
method or Ruben [J. Biol. Chem. (1973) 248,3860]: inorganic
phosphate is precipitated as MgNH4PO4
from YEP with MgSO4
and ammonia, removed by filtration and autoclaved. Sterile
glucose is added to 2% to give a YEPD with a low inorganic
phosphate concentration (approx. 10-4 M) but high
organic phosphate concentration, in which yeast readily
incorporate greater than 90% of carrier-free phosphoric
[32P] acid in less than one generation time. RNA of
specific activity greater than 106 cpm/mg can be routinely
isolated. |
| Solution |
| 10 ml | 4002-014 |
| 50 ml | 4002-024 |
| 100 ml | 4002-034 |
| 500 ml | 4002-044 |
| Mock YEPD Broth |
|---|
50g (50 Capsules) per Liter
Contents/L: 20 g Peptone Y, 10 g Mock Yeast extract, 20 g Dextrose pH 6.5.
Contains no ingredients derived from yeast; used where yeast antigens or
compounds would cause unwanted background. Consists of nutrient powders
of acid and enzymatic digests of soy and milk proteins to provide the
nutrients that are normally contributed by Yeast Extract-Y. Yeast display
similar growth properties in Mock YEPD as in YEPD. |
| Capsules |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4003-011 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4003-021 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4003-031 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4003-041 |
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4003-012 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4003-022 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4003-032 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4003-042 |
| Mock YEPD Agar |
|---|
67g (67 Capsules) per Liter
Contents/L: Mock YEPD, 17 g Agar-Y |
| Capsules |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4003-211 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4003-221 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4003-231 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4003-241 |
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4003-212 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4003-222 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4003-232 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4003-242 |
YEP Broth is YEPD without dextrose and is used as a base for making a YPD
(YEPD) with a different carbon source. Add 38 ml glycerol per liter YEP
Broth or Agar base to make YEP-glycerol or YEPG. Glycerol is a
non-fermentable carbon source and respiratory deficient mutants will not
grow on YEPG.
| YEP Broth |
|---|
30g (30 Capsules) per Liter
Contents/L: 20 g Peptone-Y, 10 g Yeast Extract-Y, pH 6.5 at 30°C.
|
| Capsules |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4004-011 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4004-021 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4004-031 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4004-041 |
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4004-012 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4004-022 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4004-032 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4004-042 |
| YEP Agar |
|---|
47g (47 Capsules) per Liter
Contents/L: YEP, 17 g Agar-Y.
|
| Capsules |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4004-211 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4004-221 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4004-231 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4004-241 |
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4004-212 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4004-222 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4004-232 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4004-242 |
| MAL Indicator Medium |
|---|
| Uses color change to indicate strains that ferment
maltose. Add 20 g maltose and 0.9 ml of a 4% stock solution of bromcresol
purple per liter of YEP Broth or Agar. |
| Maltose |
|---|
|
(see also pg 232 for 20% sterile solution)
|
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4006-012 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4006-022 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4006-032 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4006-042 |
| 4% Bromcresol Purple |
|---|
| Solution |
| 25 ml | 4007-524 |
| 100 ml | 4007-534 |
| GAL Indicator Medium |
|---|
| Uses color change to indicate strains that ferment
galactose. Add 2 ml of 4% bromthymol blue per liter YEP Agar, autoclave
and add 100 ml of 20% glucose-free galactose solution after autoclaving.
(Many galactose preparations contain 1-2% glucose which will prevent most
of the cells from turning on gal promotors and no color will develop.
|
| 20% Galactose |
|---|
| Glucose < 0.1% |
| Sterile Solution |
| 500 ml | 4008-034 |
| 5 x 500 ml | 4008-044 |
| 10 x 500 ml | 4008-054 |
Strains that do not sporulate readily can be conditioned by growing in
Presporulation Medium before transferring to Sporulation Medium.
| Presporulation Medium-Broth |
|---|
31g per Liter
3 g Peptone-Y, 8 g Yeast Extract-Y, 20 g potassium acetate.
|
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4011-012 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4011-022 |
Strains grown on Sporulation Media will multiply a few times until
glucose pools are essentially depleted and then sporulate after 3 to 5
days. Add 0.2 g CSM (Complete Supplement Mixture, see pg. 282) per
liter for high efficiency sporulation of auxotropic strains.
| Sporulation Medium for Plates |
|---|
38g per Liter
Contents/L: 20 g potassium acetate, 1 g Yeast Extract-Y, 17 g Agar-Y.
|
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4011-512 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4011-522 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4011-532 |
| Minimal Sporulation Medium for Plates |
|---|
27g per Liter
Contents/L: 10 g potassium acetate, 17 g Agar-Y.
|
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4012-012 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4012-022 |
| Semi-Sporulation Medium for Plates |
|---|
22.5g per Liter
Contents/L: 2 g potassium acetate, 1 g dextrose, 2.5 g Yeast Extract-Y,
17 g Agar-Y
|
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4012-512 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4012-522 |
YPAD Slant Medium: Add 20 g dextrose and 40 mg Adenine Sulfate to 1 liter
YEP Agar. Dissolve at boiling temperature, pour into 4 ml glass vials
with rubber lined cap, autoclave and allow to solidify on an angle.
| Dextrose |
|---|
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4014-012 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4011-022 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4011-032 |
| Adenine Hemisulfate Salt |
|---|
| Powder |
| 2 g | 4014-512 |
| 10 g | 4014-522 |
| YPAD Slants |
|---|
| Slants |
| 25 Slants | 4015-023 |
| 100 Slants | 4015-033 |
| 500 Slants | 4015-053 |
| RCY Slants |
|---|
|
(3% dex, 2% peptone, 1% yeast extract, 0.1% CSM, 2% Agar in
4 ml glass vials with rubber-lined screw cap lids)
|
| Slants |
| 25 Slants | 4016-023 |
| 50 Slants | 4016-033 |
| 100 Slants | 4016-043 |
| 500 Slants | 4016-053 |
| Yeast Extract-Y |
|---|
|
Yeast extract optimized for yeast media formulations
|
| Capsules |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4018-011 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4018-021 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4018-031 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4018-041 |
| 15 kg (33.0 lb) | 4018-051 |
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4018-012 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4018-022 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4018-032 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4018-042 |
| 15 kg (33.0 lb) | 4018-052 |
| Peptone-Y |
|---|
|
(casein peptone optimized for yeast media formulations)
|
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4018-512 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4018-522 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4018-532 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4018-542 |
| 15 kg (33.0 lb) | 4018-552 |
| Peptone-YM (meat) |
|---|
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4018-612 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4018-622 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4018-632 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4018-642 |
| 15 kg (33.0 lb) | 4018-652 |
| Agar-Y |
|---|
|
(superior grade for Yeast Cloning Growth and Spheroplast regeneration)
|
| Capsules |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4019-011 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4019-021 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4019-031 |
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4019-012 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4019-022 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4019-032 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4019-042 |
| 15 kg (33.0 lb) | 4019-052 |
| Agar-YP |
|---|
|
(a purified Agar optimum for Yeast Colony Growth)
|
| Powder |
| 227 g (0.5 lb) | 4019-512 |
| 454 g (1.0 lb) | 4019-522 |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4019-532 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4019-542 |
| 15 kg (33.0 lb) | 4019-552 |
| D-Sorbitol, Ultra Pure |
|---|
|
(tested for Yeast Spheroplast regeneration)
|
| Powder |
| 1 kg (2.2 lb) | 4020-032 |
| 5 kg (11.0 lb) | 4020-042 |
| Sterile 80% Glycerol |
|---|
|
(easy to pipet; excellent for freezing strains)
|
| Solution |
| 100 ml | 3055-534 |
| 500 ml | 3055-544 |
| 2000 ml | 3055-554 |
Home ¦ Products ¦ Custom Services ¦ Protocols ¦ Catalog Request ¦ Map ¦ About
BIO 101